The average job tenure is about 4 years in the United States, but varies
by age. The Canadian WES ( Workplace and Employment Survey) in their
2001/2002 panel found that 24% of workers made some change in one year:
9% different employer
9% not a paid worker anymore
6% same employer, but different job
But, I am not sure how much work patterns in Canada reflect patterns in
the U.S. Also, "job tenure" is NOT quite the same question as finding
how often people change their workplace LOCATION.
Because people move their residence, change their participation in the
labor force, change their workplace location and change their means of
transportation to work, the risk of identifying an individual in
aggregated CTPP tables (for Counties and Places with 20,000 or more)
should be reduced after accumulation over multiple years, even for means
of transportation that have small shares.
I am trying to quantify these changes over time. We don't have a
transportation/travel behavior panel study that measures this directly!
A longitudinal survey (or panel) is the best way to capture dynamics,
such as changes in residence location, changes in employment status and
changes in workplace location. These kinds of surveys ask questions of
the SAME population over time, so the change is measured directly,
rather than inferred from cross-sectional samples.
Mr. Gottschalck at the Census Bureau has provided me with information on
how the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) could be used
to analyze SOME of these changes, but it is not straightforward and
would take some effort! Also, one could have the SAME employer (in the
SIPP) but change their work location, for example, to work at one CVS
drugstore or Bank of American and switch to another branch, so any
estimates from SIPP would be somewhat lower than "truth".
Have you worked with the SIPP, or do you have another data source that
might provide some light on this question? Do you have a graduate
student who might be interested in pursuing this question? Even if my
main interest lies in analyzing risk for CTPP tabulations, it is clearly
relevant to travel demand management issues, as the best time to
influence travel mode to work might be when the workplace or residence
location changes.
Thanks!
Elaine Murakami
FHWA Office of Planning
206-220-4460
-----Original Message-----
From: alfred.o.gottschalck(a)census.gov
[mailto:alfred.o.gottschalck@census.gov]
Sent: Wednesday, April 23, 2008 7:48 AM
To: Murakami, Elaine
Cc: thomas.j.palumbo(a)census.gov
Subject: RE: Labor Force turnover from SIPP
Hello Elaine --
OK, I now fully understand your question.
You should be able to use SIPP to construct a turnover rate pertaining
to
the length of the panel. You would have to link together the individual
waves of the panel (nine in total), and then create monthly variables
for
the entire panel. The most recent complete panel would be the 2001
panel,
which is three years in length, so you would have 36 monthly variables
(e.g., AGE01, AGE02, ..., AGE36). The 2004 panel is still ongoing and
not
scheduled to be complete until the latter half of 2008.
You would have to do some programming to produce such estimates,
essentially calculating a job change when a job ID changes. The job ID
you
would have to create, and you would define a change as you see fit.
SIPP
collects information for up to two jobs, and I would suggest that you
simply limit your analysis to job 1 for the time being until you have
your
code set. You should have sufficient sample size for each of your age
groups at the national level.
The SIPP data dictionary is available at:
http://www.bls.census.gov/sipp_ftp.html#sipp . The SIPP homepage can be
accessed at:
http://www.sipp.census.gov/sipp/ . Data can be dowloaded
via
FTP from the SIPP home page, as well as technical documentation on how
to
use the SIPP files.
Below are some variable data dictionary entries that would get you
started
in identifying job "changes" as you specified in your prior email:
D EENO1 2 883
T JB: Across-wave employer index/number
Unique job number that will remain the
same from wave to wave. NOTE: See entry
for ACAROVR1 below.
U All persons 15+ at end of reference period who
had a job during the reference period.
EPOPSTAT = 1 and EPDJBTHN = 1 and (EJOBCNTR >
0 or ECFLAG =1)
V 01:99 .Job ID
V -1 .Not in Universe
D ESTLEMP1 2 885
T JB: Still working for this employer
Is ... employed by this employer now?
U All persons 15+ at end of reference period who
had a job during the reference period and who
were not contingent workers. EPOPSTAT = 1 and
EPDJBTHN = 1 and EJOBCNTR > 0 and ECFLAG not
equal to 1
V -1 .Not in Universe
V 1 .Yes
V 2 .No
D TSJDATE1 8 888
T JB: Starting date of job
When did ... start this job? Year digits
1-4 Range 1934:2008 Month digits 5-6
Range 01:12 Day digits 7-8 Range 01:31
NOTE: See entry for ACAROVR1 below.
U All persons 15+ at end of reference period who
had a job during the reference period but
were not contingent workers. EPOPSTAT = 1 and
EPDJBTHN = 1 and EJOBCNTR > 0 and ECFLAG not
equal to 1
V 19340101:20080131 .Date
V -1 .Not in Universe
D TEJDATE1 8 897
T JB: Ending date of job
When did this employment end? Year
digits 1-4 Range 2003:2008 Month digits
5-6 Range 01:12 Day digits 7-8
Range 01:31
U All persons 15+ at end of reference period who
had a job during the reference period, but
were not contingent workers, and whose job
ended during the reference period. EPOPSTAT =
1 and EPDJBTHN = 1 and EJOBCNTR > 0 and
ECFLAG not equal to 1 and ESTLEMP1 = 2
V 20031001:20080131 .Date
V -1 .Not in Universe
If you have any other questions, please feel free to contact me.
Sincerely,
Alfred Gottschalck
Alfred Gottschalck, Ph.D.
Economist
HHES
U.S. Census Bureau
------------------------------------
Dear Mr. Gottschalck-
What I am looking for is the PERCENT of workers WHO CHANGE THEIR JOB
LOCATION once (or more) within a 3 year period, preferably by AGE (under
age 30, 30 to 59, 60 and over). For simplicity, we can assume that
people who change their employer simultaneously change their workplace
location. Also, people who leave the labor force in the 3 year period
would also be counted in the proportion of changers.
Even better would be the PERCENT of workers WHO CHANGE EITHER THEIR
RESIDENCE LOCATION OR THEIR WORKPLACE LOCATION in a 3 year period. But
I don't want to be greedy.
I found your paper
http://www.sipp.census.gov/sipp/p70s/p70-96.pdf
so I am hoping that you can help me out! I got some data from the
Canadian WES, but would prefer to use U.S. data, even if it is older.
Thanks in advance.
Elaine Murakami
FHWA Office of Planning
206-220-4460