The Census Bureau Geography Division has asked us to submit to them
software requirements for TAZ definition by the end of Calendar Year
2006. We are working on the assumption that the CTPP pooled fund proposal
will move forward through AASHTO’s process.
In 1998, FHWA contracted with Election Data Services to produce the
TAZ-UP for software creating the 2000 TAZs used for CTPP 2000. TAZ-UP
greatly simplified the ability to create and export TAZs to CB’s TIGER
files. The process was a big improvement over the paper-map-pencil
drawings, which were used for the 1990 CTPP.
For the 2010 Census, the CB has a contract with M-cubed and its
subcontractor Caliper Corporation for software development to support the
“Participant Statistical Areas Program” (PSAP). The PSAP
includes the tract and block group definition process. The software being
developed for this program can be modified to accommodate TAZ, SuperTAZ or any
other geographic units that the transportation planning community would like to
have added into TIGER.
In our last regular CTPP meeting, we did discuss concepts of corridors
and downtowns, but we think those would be best left as aggregates of TAZs that
are handled later through a TAZ-equivalency process for CTPP, rather than adding
them into TIGER.
Below is a summary of our discussions from a meeting held on October
18, 2006. PLEASE LET US KNOW IF YOU THINK WE ARE MISSING SOMETHING
IMPORTANT! Please send your remarks to nanda.srinivasan@dot.gov by November
10.
Elaine Murakami
FHWA Office of Planning
206-220-4460
Summary
of Specifications
The software should have the ability to create 3 levels of TAZs –
one is a base TAZ which will be subsequently used to define two other larger
size aggregations (optional by county). The base TAZ would be similar to
the traditional “small area geography” TAZs in 2000. The
software must provide ability to aggregate these TAZs to medium size (about
4,000 population) and larger size (about 20,000 population) aggregations (much
like Block Groups being aggregated to Tracts, or Tracts aggregated to PUMAs),
if desired by the MPO/State.
The functional specifications include:
- Load TIGER/Line 2008
or 2009 files in their native format, including TAZ, Tract, Block Group,
Roads, water, and other polygon layers.
- Display TIGER
layers.
- Import and display
background layers:
- Import and display
of other MPO or State owned data (shapefiles - points, lines, or
polygons), as long as these files are in decimal degrees, NAD 83
projections.
- Import and display of
aerial photography, as long as these files are in decimal degrees, NAD 83
projections.
- Create or Devise
Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ) polygon features using screen digitizing
starting from:
- 2000 TAZ geography,
if defined, or else current Tracts or Block Groups.
- Using primary
polygons in TIGER, if 2000 TAZs were not defined, or if the agency does
not choose to use Tracts or Block Groups as starting point.
- The software
should have the ability to aggregate polygons using a lassoing function
(to zoom in or out), select polygons, or draw a line around
(point-by-point) and add them to a TAZ.
- TAZ Definition
Guidelines:
- The software should
prompt the user to create TAZs to cover the whole county without any
discontiguity. Importantly, there should not be any sliver TAZs or
duplicate TAZ numbering in any county.
- The maximum number
of alphanumeric characters for TAZ might be set at 8.
- There may be cases
where a TAZ boundary might require segment(s) to be added to TIGER.
If there is a valid geography that does not show as a line segment (e.g.:
a polygon bounded by a new road), the software must provide the ability
to use the line segment as a TAZ boundary, and allow the user to print
the view/map, annotate it, and submit it to electronically/via hardcopy
to the Census Bureau.
- Counters:
i.
Count and display
·
2000 total residential population
(using 2000 block population counts).
·
2000 resident worker population
(workers by place of residence), and 2000 workers by place of work (using
2000TAZ/Block Group values) for each delineation of a TAZ. NOTE:
CTPP Part 2 should be used for place of work counts. TAZ and Block Group
counts are not available nationwide, although tract counts are available
nationwide.
·
If the currently defined TAZ cuts
across 2000 geography (TAZ/BG), then use proportion of TAZ by area in that
BG/TAZ to estimate resident/worker counts. Because this task might be
difficult, a separate cost estimate should be requested from the software
developer.
ii.
Count and display the sum of
resident workers, and workers by place of work to aid to determine the size of
the TAZ.
- Final Checks: Once
TAZ definition is complete, and before export, the software must check for
items 6a through 6e, and flag the items on a list. Export should be
allowed only if all the following items are flagged. If any of these
items are not satisfied, the software should loop the user through each
entry.
- Completeness
- Contiguity
- Uniqueness: Ensure
no duplicate TAZ numbers anywhere in a county.
- Check for polygon
closure for each TAZ.
- Distinguish whether
the user wants the TAZ boundary to move with a tract/BG boundary (since
the tract boundaries will be draft at that time), or if the user wants
the TAZ boundary to be locked and not move with a tract/BG boundary.
- Export output: Upon
completion of the TAZ definition and after completion of final checks
(Step 6), the software should provide ability to:
- Export the file to
the requirements of the Census Bureau, Geography Division.
- Export the final
TAZ shapefile copy for MPO/State use.
- (Optional by County)
Aggregations of TAZs. Once basic TAZs are developed, the software
must allow the ability to aggregate these TAZs into two other
transportation geographies – A medium sized TAZ (Med TAZ), and a
large TAZ (Lg TAZ).
- Use final TAZ
shapefile as starting point to develop medium size (Med TAZ) or Large
size (Lg TAZ) aggregations.
- The software should
have the ability to aggregate polygons using a lassoing function (to zoom
in or out), select TAZ polygons, or draw a line around (point-by-point) and
add them to MZ or LZ polygons.
- Provide counters
similar to item 5c to check the population/employment of these zones.
- Prior to completion
and export, do final checks similar to item 6.
- Provide export
outputs similar to step 8.
B. Provide the final software on CD-ROM or through a
web-based retrieval process.
C. Provide a “Help” button
to explain software features.